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January 26
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It has been a year since I've made my dinosaurian integument cladogram, and I think it's time for it to be remade. Some new discoveries have naturally made it obsolete, such as ornithomimid wings and Sciurumimus (although frankly I'm still skeptical about it being a megalosaur). But before that, I'd like to share some musings of mine.

Firstly, I'm still fond of the idea that primitive feathers are basal to Ornithodira in some way or another, perhaps evolving from dermal spines or something along those lines. But I'm starting to believe that, as wondrous as I find the idea of fuzzy ornitischians to be, extensive coats of feathers were really limited to coelurosaurs.

That's because, up until now, the only confirmed examples of something other than scales in ornitischians come from Psittacosaurus and Tianyulong. I'm sure these are homologous with each other and that primitive ornitichians had bristles as a basal condition, but I'm not so sure if these and coelurosaur feathers were really the same thing. What makes me doubt it is that, while most evidence so far seems to favor the idea that no big coelurosaur totally lost their feathers - the idea of feathered adult Tyrannosaurus being more accepted now than ever -  the confirmed presence of extensive scaly hide in hadrosaurs, stegosaurs, ceratopsians and ankylosaurs just makes it more likely that the bristles of primitive ornitischians weren't the same thing. If they were, why would these derived forms loose it? I'm sure a cover or fuzz would be more advantageous to endothermic megafauna.

The thing is, I don't think the quills on Tianyulong and Psittacosaurus served a thermoregulative function. They could well be another experiment in integument, no doubt arising from the same genetic base as the feathers that later appeared in theropods and earlier in pterosaurs, but they were structurally different and probably used just for show and were much more prone to be lost. I just don't see why every form of derived ornitischian of which we have skin preserved would loose their fuzz if they were the same as theropod feathers - that would contradict everything that has being said about tyrannosaurs and therizinosaurs and moas retaining theirs.

In short, I love the idea of fluffy heterodontosaurids with fur-like feathers all over their bodies, but evolutionarily it doesn't make sense to be, because otherwise hadrosaurs should be as hairy as buffalos. What do you guys think?
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:iconornithischophilia:
~ornithischophilia Jan 31, 2013  Hobbyist Artist
Keep in mind that Tianyulong was probably less than 2 kg, lived in a seasonally cool environment, and was covered in an extremely dense coat of fibers that were a) ~1 mm thick, b) up to 10 cm long, and c) quite pliable. In life I suspect they looked more like hair, and less like porcupine quills, and probably served as insulation.
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:iconexobio:
~Exobio Jan 27, 2013  Hobbyist General Artist
Perhaps the coat was a seasonal thing, shed in the hot summer months and grown back when it cooled down. This could also coincide with mating displays, assuming of course that heterodontosaurids mated in the late winter months and laid their eggs in the spring, though I am not sure on the gestation period.

Anyway, I think we could sort of use this as an explanation for a fuzzy hadrosaur. Since fossils showing any dermal coverings are relatively rare we may have found ones that just happened to have died in the summer. I was sort of thinking of playing with this idea for the All Yesterdays project, but I try to be scientifically sound and this very topic has been on my mind a lot lately.
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:iconjulio-lacerda:
*Julio-Lacerda Jan 27, 2013  Hobbyist Digital Artist
While that does make sense, it seems like a too radical change to me. Having shorter and sparser coats in summer would make more sense than just shedding everything, and even then I'd think there would be something other than just scales in the places where the feathers were shed, like attachment points or something (which is only found in Triceratops and even then the exact function of those structures is unknown). Or, as is advocated for some theropods, bare, non-scaly skin.
Also, I'd love to see an entry from you!
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:iconexobio:
~Exobio Jan 27, 2013  Hobbyist General Artist
That is an excellent point. Especially with that nice piece of fossilized skin that was found that shows nice lizardy scales.

And I am working on something! I posted that Therizinosaurus but I feel like it's just a generic flashy mating display. Working on something a little more brain based ;)
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:iconbensen-daniel:
Could there be some artifact of preservation that make scales easier for us to find than dino-fuzz?
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:iconjulio-lacerda:
*Julio-Lacerda Jan 27, 2013  Hobbyist Digital Artist
I do believe scales are easier to preserve because they are sturdier and more tighly held to the skin tissue.
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:icontomozaurus:
~Tomozaurus Jan 26, 2013  Student General Artist
"the only confirmed examples of something other than scales in ornitischians come from Psittacosaurus and Tianyulong"

While the details are still private, this is apparently set too change soon.
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:iconjulio-lacerda:
*Julio-Lacerda Jan 26, 2013  Hobbyist Digital Artist
Ohhh. I hope it's something pretty conclusive though.
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:iconorionide5:
I actually drew a buffalo-feathered hadrosaur! And skin impressions are rarely complete enough to generalize about the body as a whole. Since the Mesozoic was warmer than the present and the average dinosaur bigger than the average mammal, feathers would be under little evolutionary pressure to develop into anything other than display quills. Also, I've noticed the smallest grounded dinosaurs were near the very base of feathers in their particular clade (Fruitadens and compsognathids). This may indicate that quills evolved independently twice, and both times as insulation.
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:icondinobirdman:
~DinoBirdMan Jan 26, 2013  Student Artist
I like the way that all theropods have there cover in feathers of fuzzy. But other ornthischia has been understanding about the quills of Psittacosaurus and the fuzzy-quills of Tianyulong, that make the new year's revoluions coming and go. As they were been inspired by a quill of the Ouranosaurus and fluffy-version of Leaellynasaura of luis rey's drawing. (As he's based on the fossil discovery of other feather dinosaurs.) As they are thought that tyrannosaurs, carnosaurs, and even megalosaurs had to shade their feathers as they're grown older, but the new discovery of Yutyrannus has proof them wrong.[link]

Well, Let say all primitive dinosaurs were all (almost) now covered in proto-feathers or fuzz (perhap).;)
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